Bridge the Gap
Bank of America’s Tamao Sasada shares her thoughts on DEI, ESG, and sustainable finance
Tamao Sasada says that her grandmother was her mentor. “When I was a kid, she always told me that I would need to have a career with a professional skill set,” Sasada shared. Her advice was based on experience gained as a woman doctor during World War II—something rarely seen during those days—that gave her this wisdom to share with the granddaughter who, one day, would lead Bank of America in Japan.
Sasada was already a career-minded student when she attended university in Japan in the early 1990s, but those words from her grandmother helped her find her path. She chose to study law.
But what should be her next step? Where should she work?
“Back then, some Japanese women who aspired to advance their careers chose to work for US or non-Japanese companies, as these were perceived to be more performance driven and gave women more opportunities to advance their careers,” Sasada explained. “So, after graduation, I chose to become a lawyer in New York.”
From there, her path took her into the world of banking and back to Japan. Today, as Japan country executive for Bank of America and president of BofA Securities Japan, she focuses on business growth for the bank and also devotes considerable effort to promote environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG); diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI); and sustainable finance at Bank of America.
Sasada spoke at a fireside chat hosted by the American Chamber of Commerce in Japan (ACCJ) Alternative Investment Committee on September 7, and she later sat down with The ACCJ Journal to share her thoughts on a number of topics, including how Japan can push the DEI and ESG agendas forward.
What are your memories of that first job in New York?
I made the decision to go there knowing that it would be a tough and competitive environment. And it was. I remember walking into meeting rooms and being the only woman—and a young Asian woman—there. That was not uncommon. There were a number of women lawyers at the junior level, but far fewer at the senior and partner levels.
But one thing that was quite eye-opening was the law firm provided a lot of training and development programs, which was something not so common in Japan back in the 1990s. They took time to really invest in junior people, which certainly gave me a solid training and allowed me to excel in my career.
How did you start to grow your career in finance?
The opportunity arose to work for Merrill Lynch, now BofA Securities, the brokerage and investment banking arm of Bank of America. I took a position in Japan.
I’ve been with the company for 24 years. Looking back, it was quite interesting to find that, even in a US organization, the work environment in Japan back then was quite male dominated. Of course, it is very different now. I found myself trying extra hard to make sure that I could deliver, and that people would not judge me on the basis of being a woman.
As an investment banker in Japan, part of the job is to bridge the gap between Japan and our global franchise, identifying clients’ needs and offering our full capabilities.
“Diversity matters because it brings different perspectives. At Bank of America, we believe that the more diverse we are, the stronger and better we are.”
BofA employees join the firm in driving DEI and environmental efforts, such as the Arakawa River Cleanup.
Also, one of the key challenges working for a US company in Japan is that you need to make sure that the Japan franchise is visible and has strong presence, not only in the eyes of clients but also in the eyes of the headquarters in the United States. I believe this is a challenge for everyone who works in a gaishikei (multinational organization) in Japan, regardless of gender.
So, even today, I still think about how best we can serve our clients in Japan and connect the dots between what our Japanese clients need and what we can offer globally. On top of that, navigating the organization and connecting people through business and social relationships have always been important aspects of how I built my career.
Why does diversity matter when building teams?
Diversity matters because it brings different perspectives. At Bank of America, we believe that the more diverse we are, the stronger and better we are. When we connect our diverse backgrounds and perspectives, we can better meet the needs of our colleagues, clients, and communities.
For us, DEI is action oriented. Our chief executive officer, Brian Moynihan, and all members of the management team are very focused on building an inclusive culture where our employees feel comfortable being who they are and bringing their whole selves to work, knowing they have equal access to opportunities regardless of their differences such as gender, ethnic background, or other such factors.
Such a culture has allowed us to attract and retain more diverse talent, and I find this to be true when we recruit in Japan as well as other parts of the world.
Are there aspects of DEI unique to the financial sector?
In banking, it’s important to bring in different perspectives and skill sets. Our clients are diverse, so we need to be diverse. Also, much of our business is cross-border in nature. For example, in mergers and acquisitions (M&A), our Japanese clients are buying and selling not just in the domestic market but also abroad.
Due to this, we need to work with a lot of colleagues outside Japan. Building connectivity—that’s the term we use—around the organization is important to growing trusting relationships.
So, for a global bank, DEI becomes very important because we need to understand that our clients and colleagues come from different backgrounds with different thought processes. Embracing these differences and removing any unconscious bias is critical for successful outcomes.
That’s why I feel that our company is stronger when we are more diverse in thinking and mindset, and creative in how we bring the business together and leverage the people and platform we have. Clients appreciate this because this allows us to better meet their needs.
How can companies strengthen their DEI?
Our commitment to DEI starts at the top. Our management team sets the diversity and inclusion goals of the company. Each management team member has action-oriented diversity goals, and they are reviewed by the board every quarter.
Our Global Diversity and Inclusion Council, consisting of senior executives from every line of business, meets quarterly to discuss DEI objectives and the progress we are making at each level of the company.
I have been a part of this council as one of the two representatives from Asia, having worked very closely with this leadership team. Over the years, I have witnessed how passionate our leaders are and how hard our company works to narrow the gap in any diversity spectrum.
From a gender perspective, 50 percent of our workforce and more than 30 percent of our management team are women, and we have a very ethnically diverse board. At the end of 2021, our company was one of only nine S&P 100 companies with six or more women on the board.
So, the statistics are strong, but what is equally important is to create a culture where people are given equal access to opportunities regardless of backgrounds, and to put people into their roles because of their capability.
What unique DEI challenges do Japan-based companies face? How can they overcome them?
I think Japan has come a long way. Particularly since former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s three arrows and empowerment of women initiatives, there has been progress, such as more women being put into managerial positions. But certainly, more needs to be done. The increasing pressure from investors on broader ESG goals, and the latest update to the corporate governance codes that requires companies to disclose their DEI progress, are all encouraging to me.
In addition, building an inclusive culture is really key to driving DEI. There are a few things that might be helpful in achieving better results. One is male advocacy. The terminology might not be familiar to some. It means men, or male managers, taking ownership of ensuring women are given equal access to opportunities and are supported, including through various programs. Say you have a very capable female manager who is a working mother. It is not uncommon for companies in Japan to offer benefits to support working mothers. What is important is how the male manager supports these colleagues’ career development and encourages colleagues to be understanding. If a company can follow this approach for a period of time, that will result in a robust pipeline of middle-level to senior women managers.
“As the country executive for Japan, driving business growth is one of my principal missions, but creating an inclusive workplace where people feel they can bring their whole selves to work is equally important.”
Tamao Sasada
The second is a strong mentorship and sponsorship program. Different companies might have different mentor programs, but sponsorship is something that may not be so common in Japan. A sponsor is usually someone influential and powerful in the organization who helps a rising talent succeed. They help the individual increase visibility within the company, speak up for them, and assist them through advancement opportunities.
Also important is building a meritocracy culture. Put people into the role because of what they can do, regardless of their backgrounds.
How did you overcome career obstacles?
Fortunately, at Bank of America, the culture has always been supportive. My motto is, when you are given the opportunity, always try to go out of your comfort zone and give it try.
When I was a junior banker, I was given the chance to become a coverage banker for one of our biggest clients in Japan at the time. It was unusual for a junior banker to be given such a big responsibility, but I believe my manager trusted that I could do the job and took a chance on me.
I worked extra hard to ensure I delivered for that client, who had a lot of doubts about me at the start.
This client aspired to expand the business globally. To help them, even though I was still junior, I fearlessly reached out to colleagues around the world to get help. That was a great opportunity to get to know people in the organization, understand what we could do globally, and deliver what the client needed.
This client was happy with the outcome and became one of my advocates.
So, the lesson learned was to go out of your comfort zone. There are always learning experiences that come out of doing so. And once you have experienced that, you can pay it forward.
Why is stakeholder capitalism important?
Stakeholder capitalism is a term defined by the World Economic Forum half a century ago, which has gained renewed focus in recent years. It essentially means companies must deliver not only for shareholders, but also for all stakeholders including clients, employees, and the wider community.
This is something our company really believes in, and it has been reflected in our corporate philosophy for many years. We have a corporate strategy called Responsible Growth, which states that we are here to serve wider stakeholders. DEI is always part of that strategic focus, and ESG as well.
How does DEI tie into ESG and sustainability?
DEI is part of ESG, which has been a long-term focus for us, even before the term became so prevalent.
This goes back to our Responsible Growth Strategy, delivering for all stakeholders. And that is really the core essence of the stakeholder capitalism that we talked about.
As mentioned, there has been a renewed focus on stakeholder capitalism in the global business community. Our CEO, who is a passionate advocate of ESG, has been chairing the International Business Council at the World Economic Forum, leading global companies in pushing ESG standardization forward.
In recent years, more focus has been put on the E, the environment, with more than 130 countries and many companies having pledged their net-zero goals.
At Bank of America, we announced our goal of achieving net-zero by 2050. The urgency is felt in both the private and public sectors globally. Just like our role in helping accelerate ESG in the global business community, Bank of America is taking a leadership role in the net-zero transition through sustainable finance.
About a year ago, we announced a $1.5 trillion pledge to mobilize capital to support clients’ ESG efforts. That’s $1 trillion for climate transition and another $500 billion to promote social inclusion, such as racial and gender equality, healthcare, and education.
What is sustainable finance? Why is it important?
We believe that the finance sector has a key role to play in providing and mobilizing the capital needed to drive the transition to a low-carbon, sustainable economy. A lot of our clients are making net-zero pledges, and they are working hard to come up with a roadmap to carbon neutrality. Our mission is to support them through sustainable finance, such as providing green loans, helping clients issue sustainability or green bonds, or advising on M&A transactions in the renewables space.
We do it ourselves as well. Bank of America was one of the first financial institutions to issue green bonds and sustainable bonds. During the past two years, we issued one of the first Covid bonds and sustainability equality bonds to help advance many of the social issues we saw in the past few years.
How do you see the future of DEI in Japan?
Certainly, progress has been made. We must keep driving that culture of change. Within each organization, it’s important to follow up on initial efforts. Much has been done, but focusing on some of the things I mentioned earlier—meritocracy culture and initiatives such as a sponsorship and mentorship program—are definitely key steps. It’s great to have maternity and paternity programs as well as a support system for working mothers, but building a supportive and inclusive culture is equally important.
As the country executive for Japan, driving business growth is one of my principal missions, but creating an inclusive workplace where people feel they can bring their whole selves to work is equally important.
I look forward to seeing companies in Japan continue to drive these efforts forward and create inclusive cultures that will promote further acceleration of DEI.
